View Source #1
Direct link:
https://base-map-polytheisms.huma-num.fr/source/1
Creation : 2019-04-26 09:35:31 by Sylvain Lebreton
Latest Edition : 2021-11-19 14:54:01 by Sylvain Lebreton
Creation : 2019-04-26 09:35:31 by Sylvain Lebreton
Latest Edition : 2021-11-19 14:54:01 by Sylvain Lebreton
| Project | ERC MAP Project | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Category | Epigraphy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Source Types | Calendar, Ritual norm | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Languages | Greek | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Main Title | Sacrificial Calendar of the deme of Erchia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Material Category | Lithic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Material | Marble | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Medium Category | Stele / Cippus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Medium | Stele | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Text URL | http://cgrn.ulg.ac.be/file/52/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dating
Precision: 2 |
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Discovery / Original Location
Precision: 1 |
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| Commentary |
This inscription lists the sacrifices offered by the deme of Erchia. It is divided into five columns (A-E), each corresponding to a funding item totalling about 110 dr. Each entry records the date, the divine recipient, the location, the animal offered, any details about the ritual or the distribution of the shares (ou phora, "no take-away" e.g.), and the price of the sacrifice (12 dr. for male sheep and he-goats, 10 dr. for female equivalents; 7 dr. for a lamb; 5 dr. for a kid; 3 dr. for a piglet). The phrase "Greater Demarchy" (l. 2) remains obscure. According to Parker, apud Whitehead, Greater Demarchy (1986), it could designate the most costly year in terms of sacrifices, which would alternate, according to a biennial rhythm, with a "Lesser Demarchy" (cf. Mikalson, Religion in the Attic Demes (1977), p. 427-428; Lambert, Two Notes (2000), p. 75, note 29). Contra Dow, Greater Demarkhia (1965) and Id., Six Sacrificial Calendars (1968), p. 182-183, according to whom a "Greater Demarchy" would have replaced a "Lesser" one at the time of the reorganization of the funding of the sacrifices by the deme, previously provided by the gene. On the division of the text into five columns and the funding of sacrifices, cf. Dow, Six Sacrificial Calendars (1968), p. 182-183 (5 demots designated by lot to fund the sacrifices at their own expense); Humphreys, Strangeness of Gods (2004), p. 178 (5 magistrates responsible for an item of expenditure); Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land (2011), p. 145-146 (5 parcels of land, the income of which fund the sacrifices). On the articulation between the festivals of the deme listed in this calendar and those celebrated on a city-state scale, cf. Mikalson, Religion in the Attic Demes (1977) and Parker, Festivals of the Attic Demes (1987). On the topography of Erchia and the various toponyms mentioned in this text, cf. Vanderpool, Location of Erchia (1965) and Steinhauer, Classical Mesogaia (2001), p. 92-93. Cette inscription liste les sacrifices offerts par le dème d'Erchia. Les offrandes sont réparties en cinq colonnes (A-E) correspondant chacune à un poste de financement totalisant environ 110 dr. Chaque entrée consigne la date, le destinataire divin, la localisation, la bête offerte, d'éventuelles précisions relatives au rituel ou à la distribution des parts (ou phora, "ne pas emporter" e.g.), et le prix du sacrifice (12 dr. pour des ovins et caprins mâles, 10 dr. pour des femelles ; 7 dr. pour un agneau ; 5 dr. pour un chevreau ; 3 dr. pour un porcelet). L'expression "Grande Démarchie" (l. 2) reste obscure. Selon Parker, apud Whitehead, Greater Demarchy (1986), elle pourrait désigner l'année la plus coûteuse en sacrifices, avec laquelle alternerait, selon un rythme biennal, une "Petite Démarchie" (cf. Mikalson, Religion in the Attic Demes (1977), p. 427-428 ; Lambert, Two Notes (2000), p. 75, note 29). Contra Dow, Greater Demarkhia (1965) et Id., Six Sacrificial Calendars (1968), p. 182-183, selon qui une "Grande Démarchie" aurait remplacé une "Petite" au moment de la réorganisation du financement des sacrifices par le dème, auparavant assuré par les genê. Sur la répartition du texte en cinq colonnes et le financement des sacrifices, cf. Dow, Six Sacrificial Calendars (1968), p. 182-183 (5 démotes tirés au sort pour financer les sacrifices sur leurs fonds propres) ; Humphreys, Strangeness of Gods (2004), p. 178 (5 magistrats responsables d'un poste de dépense) ; Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land (2011), p. 145-146 (5 parcelles de terre dont le revenu finance les sacrifices). Sur l'articulation entre les fêtes du dème listées dans ce calendrier et celles célébrées à l'échelle de la cité, cf. Mikalson, Religion in the Attic Demes (1977) et Parker, Festivals of the Attic Demes (1987). Sur la topographie d'Erchia et les divers toponymes mentionnés dans ce texte, cf. Vanderpool, Location of Erchia (1965) et Steinhauer, Classical Mesogaia (2001), p. 92-93. |
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